Hygiene view: healthy eyes!
Hygiene of view: look at the world with healthy eyes!
The eyes are a unique paired organ of a person. This is a reflection of the soul, beauty, individuality, and, most importantly, it is thanks to the eyes that we receive the greatest amount of information about the accusing world. We are so accustomed to seeing the world around us, that sometimes we forget about the high vulnerability of our eyes. However, we can afford not to think about it, only having developed the right behavioral skills that protect the organ of vision from the harmful effects of internal and external damaging factors.
The structure and functioning of the eye
Human eyes have a complex structure. Even more difficult is the situation with the processes that provide the main function of the eye – vision. Nevertheless, let us base on this question, at least briefly.
The concept of “human eye” includes not only the eyeball, but also the optic nerve, as well as auxiliary structures – eyelashes, eyebrows, muscles. Thanks to the muscles of the eyeball, we can freely move our eyes, and these movements are the fastest in our body. Eyelashes and eyebrows have a protective function – they protect the delicate eyes from dust, water, dirt and even shade the sunlight.
The colored part of the eye, which is brown, almost black, blue, blue and even green, is formed by the iris and is covered outside by the cornea. The main function of the iris is the regulation of the size of the pupil, for which it has special muscles. The rest of the front part of the eye and the inner (back) surface of the eyelids are covered with conjunctiva.
Almost immediately behind the iris is the lens – a special elastic lens that focuses the image on the retina. The retina is a fairly large field, studded with light-perceiving cells that process the resulting image and send it along the optic nerve to the brain. The space between the retina and the crystalline lens is filled with a vitreous body – a transparent substance, in its consistency similar to a gel or gel.
The eyeball is constantly washed by a tear, for which the tear glands are working. The tear current maintains the necessary moisture, washes away microorganisms and helps to remove small solid particles.
What is dangerous for the eyes?
The most tender period for eyes is, of course, childhood, so it is at this age that you should be especially careful with precious eyesight. Excessive visual loads in childhood and adolescence often lead to a spasm of accommodation – a condition very similar to myopia and due to the loss of the ability to “bring in focus”. A person sees a blurry picture when looking into the distance, while near the image is clear. Fortunately, in time the identified spasm of accommodation is treatable, but ignoring the problem eventually leads to permanent visual impairment.
Myopia is a hereditary condition, but very much depends on how carefully a child and its parent treats their eyes – myopia (myopia) in this case will stop at acceptable indicators and will not progress.
The next danger is infection. It gets into the eyes from the outside or from the inside – for example, with a cold. The lightest inflammation is conjunctivitis, when the inflammatory process affects only the outer shell – the conjunctiva. In the absence of adequate treatment, microorganisms penetrate deeper and infect deep structures, and this is extremely dangerous and can lead to deterioration and even loss of vision.
Eyes can be damaged and as a result of injuries – this problem, if it has already arisen, should be solved only in a specialized medical institution.
Certain
common diseases – diabetes, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, systemic lupus erythematosus, a number of diseases of the nervous system. Complications of these diseases, affecting vision, are under the responsibility of the attending physician – he will prescribe treatment and remind you to visit an ophthalmologist.
eye hygiene rule
1. When reading, writing or working with small details, be sure to provide yourself a good light. Main requirements for light:
2. when working at the table, he should fall on the left side (for left-handers – on the right);
3. when reading with a book in hand (on the couch, armchair), the best location of the lamp is on top, somewhat behind;
4. the light should be of sufficient intensity: you should be clearly visible and at the same time the light should not “cut” the eye;
5. direct light should not get into the eyes – for this, place the lightfish so that the lampshade covers the lamp;
6. If you turn on additional lighting (desk lamp, wall lamp, floor lamp), the best option would be to combine it with a soft main light. Leave one lamp burning on the chandelier and you will smooth out the annoying contrast between darkness and bright light.
7. Maintain a distance between your eyes and a book or notebook. It should be about 30-40 cm. If it is necessary to consider small parts in the vicinity for a long time, take breaks from work.
